None of the information given below is intended to take precedence over any guidance provided by academic tutors / supervisors who may have a recommended style they want people to follow.

For PDFs: 

Citing a PDF document is more straightforward than for ePUBs because PDFs have fixed pagination. Whether you need to include information about the format and a URL will depend on your referencing style. Most referencing style guides offer information about citing digital materials. If you are using a style which does require you to list the format/platform in the full reference, we suggest referring to the eLD material as a ‘Restricted Access eBook’ or ‘Restricted Access Article’. For example:

Parker, E. (2022) Conquered: The Last Children of Anglo-Saxon England. [Restricted Access eBook] London: Bloomsbury Academic. Available at: https://cam.ldls.org.uk (Accessed: 12 December 2022).

For ePUBs:

Citation styles in printed publications normally use page numbers to direct readers to a section of text. Most ebooks purchased by Cambridge University Libraries currently provide pagination matching the printed book in the PDF format. However, many of the eLD ebooks don't have page numbering in ePUB format. This requires a new method for citation. 

The recommendation is to use chapter and paragraph to create the reference, e.g.:

Oliver, N. (2013) Vikings. Chapter 5: Swedish Vikings in the east, para. 2. [Restricted Access eBook] Available at: https://cam.ldls.org.uk (Accessed: 12 December 2022).

In some cases the chapter and paragraph may be easy to identify, e.g.:

However, sometimes it may be necessary to refer to a contents page to get chapter numbers or titles.